View source for Flap defects / Repetitorium

'''''Expected terms''': anatomy and function  [[Heart valves|valve]], [[Frank-Starling mechanism| Starling's heart law]].''

__NOTOC__
;Causes:
* congenital valve disorders,
* acquired valve disorders ([[Endocarditis|endocarditis]]),
* changes in the diameter of the mouth.

; 2 types
# '''Stenosis''' – increase in resistance, prolongation of systole, reduction of expelled volume
#: '''Compensation''' – increase in enddiastolic volume of the section before stenosis, increase in contraction strength, higher excretion pressure, muscle hypertrophy – but heart resistance work, pressure drop after stenosis, possibility [[Heart failure (internal)|failure]].
# '''Insuficiency''' – inefficient regurgitation, increase of end-diastolic volume of the partition before the insufficiency valve, increase in contraction strength.
#: '''Compensation''' – increased systolic volume but increased volume work, hypertrophy, possibility failure.


{| class="wikitable" width="600" 
! colspan="2" | Atrioventricular valves
|-
! width="300" | Stenosis !! width="300" | Insufficiency
|- valign="top"
|
* reduced blood transfer to the chamber
* increased filling of halls
* increase in pressure in the atrium
* congestion in the relevant venous riverbed before the broken valve
* [[edema|edema]]
|| 
* regurgitation of part of systolic volume
* increased volume work of halls and chambers
|}


{| class="wikitable" width="600" 
! colspan="2" | Semilunar valves
|-
! width="300" | Stenosis!! width="300" | Insufficiency
|- valign="top"
|
* slow defecation
* [[bradycardia]]
* [[pulsus parvus]]
* increased resistance work
|| 
* part of the volume into the chamber
* filling of large blood vessels
* systolic [[arterial hypertension|hypertension]]
* [[Baroreflex|baroreception]]
* decrease in peripheral resistance
* [[Corrigan's heartbeat]]
* capillary pulsation ( Quinke )
|}

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== Links ==
=== Related articles ===
* [[Flap defects]]
* [[heart ]]
* [[heart valves]]
* [[Frank-Starling mechanism]]
* [[heart revolution]]
* [[diseases of valves of right heart]]
* [[determination of cardiac output]]
* [[heart failure]]

=== Sources ===
* {{Citace
| typ = web
| příjmení1 = Vízek
| jméno1 = Martin
| url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130512032641/http://pf.lf2.cuni.cz/vyuka/repetitorium.html
| název = Repetitorium
| citováno = 2011-11-11
}}

* VÍZEK, Martin. ''Repetitorium'' [online]. [cit. 2011-11-11]. <https://web.archive.org/web/20130512032641/http://pf.lf2.cuni.cz/vyuka/repetitorium.html>.



</noinclude>

[[Category:Pathophysiology]]