View source for Inflammation of the mediastinum

{{editorcheck}}
== Acute mediastinitis ==
'''Acute mediastinal inflammation''' is a serious disease with high [[lethality]] (approximately 50%).

*Usually as a result of [[esophageal]] perforation (endoscopic procedures, tumors), rarely complications of pneumonia / mediastinal inflammation (or [[lung abscess]], [[empyema]]) or as a complication of [[maxillary inflammation]].

=== Clinical picture ===
* [[Retrosternal fever]]
* Esophageal perforation [[dysphagia]] + subcutaneous [[emphysema]]
* [[X-ray]]: extension of [[mediastinum]], ev. with pleural effusion + mediastinal emphysema.

=== Therapy ===
* [[ATB]] iv, mediastinal drainage.

== Chronic mediastinitis ==
'''Chronic mediastinal''' inflammation is a granulomatous, fibrous process of mostly unclear etiology. The incidence of this disease is rare.

* [[File:Mediastinum.png|thumb|Anatomy of mediastinum]]Ormond's disease = idiopathic mediastinal fibrosis + retroperitoneal fibrosis.

=== Clinical picture ===
* In the beginning without difficulty,
* Later [[upper vena cava syndrome]], [[esophageal]] + tracheobronchial tree stenosis ,
* [[X- ray]]: enlargement of the upper mediastinum, rarely calcification.
Therapy
Surgical removal of mechanical oppression, [[glucocorticoids]].
<noinclude>

== Links ==
=== Related articles ===
* [[Mediastinum]]
=== References ===
* CHILD, Petr, et al. Internal Medicine. 2nd edition. Prague: Galén, 2007. [[ISBN 978-80-7262-496-6]].
=== Source === 
*[[ws:Zánět mediastina]]

</noinclude>

[[Category:Internal medicine]]
[[Category:Infectious medicine]]
[[Category:Pneumology]]