Vibrio
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Template:Infobox - bakterie The genus Vibrio belongs to the family Vibrionaceae, which includes the genera Vibrio and Photobacterium.[1] They are facultatively anaerobic gram-negative curved rods belonging to non-sporulating bacteria. It differs from the Enterobacteriaceae family by the polar location of the flagella and the positive oxidase reaction.[1]

Basic characteristics

All species are motile and use a flagellum to move. Due to its rapid movement, this genus was named Vibrio. They have fermentative and respiratory metabolism. Some species, such as Vibrio fischeri, are capable of bioluminescence due to the enzyme luciferase, causing the so-called fluorescence of the sea. They live mainly in tropical and subtropical areas, either freely in salt water, but we can also find them in fresh water, or in coexistence with marine animals, where they figure as symbionts, but also as parasites. They are most often found in ports. Vibrias are also often human pathogens. These include, for example, V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus. The infection usually occurs after ingestion of undercooked seafood, especially oysters, or after ingestion of contaminated water, which can result in gastroenteritis or general sepsis. Transmission is also possible from person to person via the fecal-oral route. Wild pathogenic vibria can enter open wounds and cause an inflammatory reaction.

Vibrio cholerae

Vibrio cholerae je nejvýznamnějším druhem rodu Vibrio. Druh V. cholerae rozdělujeme na dvě skupiny. Sérotypy O1 a O139 patří do první skupiny, produkují choleratoxin a způsobují choleru. Ze skupiny V. cholerae O1 vydělujeme ještě kmen El Tor. Do druhé skupiny řadíme všechny ostatní kmeny a nazýváme je non-O1/non-O139 sérotypy. Některé z nich také produkují toxiny a ojediněle způsobují průjmovitá onemocnění.


Odkazy

Související články

Reference

  1. Jump up to: a b VOTAVA, Miroslav. Lékařská mikrobiologie speciální. Brno: Neptun, 2003, xxii, 71 s. ISBN 80-902896-6-5.

Použitá literatura



Kategorie:Mikrobiologie Kategorie:Bakterie Kategorie:Infekční lékařství