Congenital malformations of the auricle
From WikiLectures
Classification of deformities according to Roger
- microcia (hypoplasia of pinna)
- overhanging bolt (lop ear)
- cone-shaped ear (cup ear)
- retired bolter (otapostasis)
Classification according to Tanzer
- Anocia (complete absence of pinna)
- complete hypoplasia (microcia) with / without atresia of the external auditory canal
- hypoplasia of the middle 1/3 of the ear
- hypoplasia of the upper 1/3 of the ear: "constricted ear" (overhanging pinna + cone-shaped ear), cryptocia, hypoplasia of the entire upper 1/3
- removed bolts
Other deformities
- appendices praeauriculares (rudimentary growths around the pinna)
- Fistulas incomplete (lead a short distance) / complete (lead to the mouth or pharynx)
Associated diseases
- hearing disorders based on anomalies of the middle ear, developmental disorders of the inner ear, hereditary disorders of cochlear development
- hemifacial microstomia
- urinary tract anomalies
Treatment
- operation changing the shape of the cartilaginous part of the auricle → change of soft tissues.
- most often surgery for detached auricles
- in case of non-development of the auricle, we reconstruct the cartilaginous part with cartilage from the rib + soft tissue by tissue expansion and local displacements
Otapostasis
Antihelix after reconstruction
Microtia
