Heart failure/Repetitorium
Presumed terms : myocardial contractility, blood pressure regulation.
Acute failure[edit | edit source]
Acute failure (cardiogenic shock) – a sudden, so significant decrease in cardiac output that compensatory mechanisms do not guarantee survival. Immediate therapeutic intervention is necessary.
Causes[edit | edit source]
- Extreme changes in frequency (arrest, ventricular fibrillation );
- Significant decrease in contractility;
- Tamponade
- Sudden failure of the valvular apparatus (rupture of the papillary muscle);
- (Peripheral resistance - sudden increase, pulmonary embolism).
Chronic (fatigue) failure[edit | edit source]
Causes[edit | edit source]
- Hypertension – 49%;
- CHD – 29%;
- Diabetes – 9%;
- Valvular defects – 8%.
Consequences[edit | edit source]
All of the above causes result in a decrease in myocardial contractility, which further causes systolic dysfunction (decrease in Stroke Volume) and diastolic dysfunction (increase in End Diastolic Pressure).
Systolic dysfunction[edit | edit source]
- SO;
- BP;
- GFR;
→ retention of water and electrolytes, RAS.
Diastolic dysfunction[edit | edit source]
- EDP (ventricular compliance);
→ edema.
Molecular Mechanisms[edit | edit source]
- Energy;
- Ca 2+ ;
- Myocardial remodeling.
AP Propagation Faults[edit | edit source]
Principles of treatment[edit | edit source]
Heart failure with high cardiac output[edit | edit source]
Links[edit | edit source]
Related Articles[edit | edit source]
External links[edit | edit source]
Source[edit | edit source]
- VÍZEK, Martin. Repetitorium [online]. [cit. 2011-11-13]. <https://web.archive.org/web/20130512032641/http://pf.lf2.cuni.cz/vyuka/repetitorium.html>.
References[edit | edit source]
Reference[edit | edit source]
Recommended Reading[edit | edit source]
Presumed terms : myocardial
contractility,
blood pressure regulation
.
Acute failure
Acute failure (cardiogenic shock
) – a sudden, so significant decrease in
cardiac output
that compensatory mechanisms do not guarantee survival. Immediate therapeutic intervention is necessary.
Causes
Extreme changes in frequency (arrest,
ventricular fibrillation
);
Significant decrease in contractility;
Sudden failure of the valvular apparatus (rupture of the papillary muscle);
(Peripheral resistance - sudden increase, pulmonary embolism).
Chronic (fatigue) failure
Causes
Hypertension
– 49%;
CHD
– 29%;
Diabetes
– 9%;
Valvular defects
– 8%.
Consequences
All of the above causes result in a decrease in myocardial contractility, which further causes systolic dysfunction (decrease in Stroke Volume) and diastolic dysfunction (increase in End Diastolic Pressure).
Systolic dysfunction
SO;
BP;
GFR;
→ retention of water and electrolytes, RAS.
Diastolic dysfunction
EDP (ventricular compliance);
→ edema.
Molecular Mechanisms
Energy;
Ca 2+ ;
Myocardial remodeling.
AP Propagation Faults
Principles of treatment
Heart failure with high cardiac output
Links
Related Articles
External links
Source
- VÍZEK, Martin. Repetitorium [online]. [cit. 2011-11-13]. <https://web.archive.org/web/20130512032641/http://pf.lf2.cuni.cz/vyuka/repetitorium.html>.
References
There are no references on this page to include in this list.
