Histology MCQs/Nerve Tissue: Difference between revisions
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<quiz display=simple> | <quiz display=simple> | ||
What is an <b>axonal transport</b>? | |||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Transportation of a material inside microtubules | ||
- | + Transportation of a material along microtubules | ||
- Spreading of a signal inside axons | |||
- Spreading of a signal along axons | |||
{ | |||
{What is a <b>Bergman's glia</b>? | |||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Microglial cells in the cerebellum | ||
+ | - Microgilal cells in the retina | ||
+ Astrocytes in the cerebellum | |||
- | - Astrocytes in the retina | ||
{ | |||
{Which type of neurons are <b>Betz pyramidal cells</b> (Betz pyramides)? | |||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Unipolar neurons | ||
- | - Pseudounipolar neurons | ||
- | - Bipolar neurons | ||
+ | + Multipolar neurons | ||
{ | |||
{What is main function of the <b>choroid plexus</b>? | |||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Peristaltic movement of the cerebrospinal fluid | ||
- | - Mechanical support of cavities inside brain | ||
+ | + Production of the cerebrospinal fluid | ||
- | - Resorption of the cerebrospinal fluid | ||
{ | {Which cells conatin <b>glial fibrillary acidic protein</b> (GFAP)? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- Oligodendrocytes | |||
- | - Mikroglial cells | ||
- | + Astrocytes | ||
- Neurons | |||
{ | {Which intracellular structure contains <b>glial fibrillary acidic protein</b> (GFAP)? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
+ | + Intermediate filaments | ||
- | - Skeleton of nucleus | ||
- | - Golgi apparatus | ||
- | - Mikrotubules | ||
{ | {Which type of nerve fibers takes place inside the peripheral nerve? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | + Both myelinated and unmyelinated | ||
- | - Myelinated only | ||
- Unmyelinated only | |||
- Mainly unmyelinated, but occasionally also myelinated | |||
{ | {Embryonic origin of <b>astrocytes</b>: | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Neural crest | ||
+ | + Neural tube | ||
- | - Mezenchyme | ||
- | - Ectoderm | ||
{ | |||
{Embryonic origin of <b>microglial cells</b>: | |||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Endoderm | ||
- | + Mezenchyme | ||
- Neural tube | |||
- Neural crest | |||
{ | {Which is embryonic origin of neurons inside the basal ganglia? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Neural crest | ||
- | + Neural tube | ||
- | - Mezenchyme | ||
- Yolk sack | |||
{ | {Which type of capillaries is part of the blood-brain barrier? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Fenestrated capillaries with continuous basement membrane | ||
- | - Fenestrated capillaries with non-continuous basement membrane | ||
+ | + Non-fenestrated capillaries | ||
- | - Sinusoids | ||
{ | {How many layers does have the <b>cortex of the cerebellum</b>? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | + Exactly three | ||
- Two or three | |||
- | - Three or four | ||
- Two to four | |||
{ | {Ependymal cells: | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | + Form covering layer of the cavities inside CNS | ||
- | - Apical pole is smooth, without projections | ||
- Produce huge amount of endogenic opioids | |||
- Are tall columnar cells | |||
{ | {Is it possible proove the myelin using immunohistochemistry? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- Yes, it is, but we have to pretreat the specimen with the chloroform (trichlormethan) | |||
- | - Yes, but for specimens harvested from the peripheral nerve system | ||
- | + Yes, it is, e.g., using the myelin basic protein | ||
- No, it is not possible | |||
{ | {What <b>is not true</b> for neurons? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - They have plenty of microtubules inside the axon | ||
+ | - They are rich on the rough endoplasmic reticulum | ||
- | + They have strongly eosinophilic cytoplasm | ||
- They have conspicuous nucleolus | |||
{Which cells | {Which type of cells produces <b>myelin sheet</b>? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
+ Either oligodendrocytes | + Either oligodendrocytes of Schwann cells | ||
- Oligodendrocytes only | - Oligodendrocytes only | ||
- Schwann cells only | - Schwann cells only | ||
- Neurons | |||
{ | {Staining for myelin: | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Methylen blue | ||
- Toluidin blue | |||
- | - Alcian blue | ||
+ Luxol blue | |||
{ | {Function of <b>satelite cells</b>: | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | + They support neurons inside the peripheral ganglia | ||
- They support neurons inside the cerebellar cortex | |||
- | - They support neurons inside the motoric cortex | ||
- They support neurons inside the basal ganglila | |||
{ | {Neurotransmiter of a <b>motor plate</b>: | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | + Acetylcholins | ||
- | - Norepinephrin | ||
- Epinephrin | |||
- The motor plate is an electric synapsis, it needs no transmitter | |||
{ | {What is main principle of the <b>Nissl's technique</b>? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Using of an impregnation | ||
- | - Using of an acidic dye | ||
+ | + Using of a basic dye | ||
- | - Using of lectins | ||
{What is a <b>Nissl's substance</b>? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum and rouhg endoplasmic reticulum | |||
- Complec of microtubules and intermediary filaments | |||
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus | |||
+ Rough endoplasmic reticulum and polyribosomes | |||
{Which type of connective tissue is the pia mater? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
+ Highly vascularized loose connective tissue | |||
- Poorly vascularized loose connective tissue | |||
- Highly vascularized reticular tissue | |||
- Poorly vascularized reticular tissue | |||
{Which type of ganglia takes usually place in the wall of hollow organs? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
+ Parasymphatetic ganglia | |||
- Somatomotoric ganglia | |||
- Symphatetic ganglia | |||
- There are no gangila in the wall of hollow ograns | |||
{What is a <b>cytoarchitecture</b> of the brain cortex? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- Arrangement of astrocytes in the basal ganglia | |||
- Arrangement of astrocytes in the brain cortex | |||
- Arrangement of neurons in the basal ganglia | |||
+ Arrangement of neurons in the brain cortex | |||
{What is a <b>myeloarchitecture</b> of the brain cortex? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
+ Arrangement of myelinated fibers in the brain cortex | |||
- Arrangement of oligodendrocytes in the brain cortex | |||
- Arrangement of astrocytes in the brain cortex | |||
- Arrangement of dendrites in the brain cortex | |||
{In which strucutre are common <b>pseudounipolar neurons</b>? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- Posterior horns of the spinal cord | |||
- Anterior horns of the spinal cord | |||
- Autonomic (vegetative) ganglia | |||
+ Sensory (spinal) ganglia | |||
{How is called the layer of cerebellar cortex containing Purkyně cells? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- Substantia alba cerebelli | |||
+ Stratum gangliosum | |||
- Stratum molekulare | |||
- Stratum granulosum | |||
{Purkyně cells are: | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- Unipolar neurons | |||
- Pseudounipolar neurons | |||
- Bipolar neurons | |||
+ Multipolar neurons | |||
{Saltatory movement of the action potential: | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- The action potential spreads from the neuron to the neuron using electrical synapses | |||
- The action potential jumps from the neuron to the neuron outside synapses | |||
- The action potential occurs in the site of Schmidt-Lanterman cleft only | |||
+ The action potential occurs in the site of Ranvier node only | |||
{Which structure is responsible for resorption of the cerebrospinal fluid? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
+ Arachnoid granulations (Pacchionian granulation) | |||
- Lining of left and right brain ventricles | |||
- Lining of 3rd and 4th brain ventricles | |||
- Choroid plexus | |||
{Definition of Brodmann's areas is based on: | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- Gross (macroscopic) anatomy | |||
- Myeloarchitecture | |||
- Glioarchitecture | |||
+ Cytoarchitecture | |||
{Allocortex (i.e. archicortex and paleocortex): | |||
|type="()"} | |||
+ Cortex has usually three layers of neurons | |||
- Cortex has usually six layers of neurons | |||
- Cortex has usually ten layers of neurons | |||
- We can not distinguish layers in the cortex | |||
{Which neurons are the most striking in the primary motor cortex of brain (precentral gyrus)? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- Small intereneurons | |||
+ Pyramidal neurons | |||
- Granular neurons | |||
- The most conspicuous feature of the motor cortex is its inconspicuousness | |||
{In which part of the CNS contains <b>mossy fibers</b>? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- Substantia nigra, pars reticularis | |||
- Reticular formation | |||
- Rhinencephalon | |||
+ Cerebellum | |||
{How many layers of neurons do we usually describe in the <b>neocortex</b>? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- 3 | |||
+ 6 | |||
- 9 | |||
- 12 | |||
{What statement about <b>glial cells</b> is not true? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- One oligodendrocyte can produce myelin sheet for several axons | |||
+ Membrane of glial cells can generate the action potential | |||
- Fibrilary astrocytes are in the white matter | |||
- Bergman's glia is in the cerebellum | |||
{ | {What statement about <b>basket cells</b> is not true? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- Basket cells | - Basket cells take place inside molecular layer of cerebellar cortex | ||
- Axons of basket cells | - Axons of basket cells make synapses with Purkynì cells | ||
- Basket cells are multipolar neurons | - Basket cells are multipolar neurons | ||
+ Basket cells are bipolar neurons | + Basket cells are bipolar neurons | ||
{ | |||
{Ganglia of the peripheral nerve system: | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- Glia in ganglia is composed of Schwann cells only | |||
- Glia in ganglia contains mainly astrocytes | |||
+ Glia in ganglia contains satelite cells | |||
- There is no glia in ganglia | |||
{Cranial nerves (head nerves): | |||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - 1<sup>st</sup> head nerve is covered by meninges | ||
- | + 2<sup>nd</sup> head nerve is covered by meninges | ||
- | - 3<sup>rd</sup> head nerve is covered by meninges | ||
+ | - 7<sup>th</sup> head nerve is covered by meninges | ||
{Spinal cord: | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- Neurons in the gray matter are usally pseudounipolar | |||
+ There are myelinated fibers in the white matter | |||
- Motoneurons take place in the posterior horns | |||
- There are no interneurons in the gray matter | |||
{ | {Unmyelinated fibers: | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | + In the PNS, they are protected by Schwann cells | ||
- | - They are in the grey matter of the CNS only | ||
- | - They are in the PNS only | ||
- They are really naked | |||
{Which | {Which cells form usually the scar in the CNS? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Oligodendrocytes | ||
- | - Müller's cells | ||
+ | - Fibroblasts | ||
+ Astrocytes | |||
{ | {What is a <b>perikaryon</b>? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Synonymum for a satelite cell | ||
- | - Synonymum for an astrocyte | ||
- | - Initial part of the axon | ||
+ | + Body of the neuron | ||
{ | {To which part of the cytoskeleton belongs to neurofilaments? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | + Intermediate filaments | ||
- | - Actin filaments | ||
- | - Microfilaments | ||
- Microtubules | |||
{ | {Which of following methods <b>is not appropriate</b> for proof of neurons? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- Immunohistochemical staining for neurofilaments | |||
- | - Silver impregnation | ||
- | - Nissl's technique | ||
+ Luxol blue | |||
{Which of | {Which structures are part of the blood-brain barrier? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Endothelium of vessels, basal laminas, and extracellular matrix | ||
+ | + Endothelium of vessels, basal laminas, and glial cells | ||
- | - Endothelium of vessels, basal laminas, and neurons | ||
- | - Endothelium of vessels only | ||
{ | {Purkyně cell: | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | + Dendrites are branching in the molecular layer and are forming two-dimensional structure | ||
- | - Dendrites are branching in the molecular layer and are forming three-dimensional structure | ||
- Dendrites are branching in the granular layer and are forming two-dimensional structure | |||
- Dendrites are branching in the granular layer and are forming three-dimensional structure | |||
{Which | {Which type of neurons are Purkyně cells? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | - Unipolar | ||
- | - Pseudounipolar | ||
+ | - Bipolar | ||
+ Multipolar | |||
{ | {In which layer can be present <b>Betz pyramidal cells</b> (Betz pyramids)? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | + Lamina pyramidalis interna | ||
- | - Lamina pyramidalis externa | ||
- Lamina granularis interna | |||
- Lamina granularis externa | |||
{ | {Where takes place the <b>myenteric plexus</b> (plexus of Auerbach)? | ||
|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- | + Gastrointestinal tract | ||
- | - Respiratory tract | ||
- Urinary tract | |||
- Spinal cord | |||
</quiz> | </quiz> | ||
