Internal capsule
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The internal capsule descends from the center semiovale between the thalamus and basal ganglia.
- leads most cortical centripetal and centrifugal fibers
- in the horizontal section it has the shape of an externally open V - between the arms there is ncl. lentiformis (putamen + globus pallidus)
Description
- crus anterius – anterior arm between caput nuclei caudati and ncl. lentiformis – tr. fronto-pontinus
- gene – knee – tractus corticonuclearis (for facial muscles)
- crus posterius – posterior arm between thalamus a ncl.lentiformis – corticospinal tract (for limb and torso muscles), tr. cortico-rubralis, tr. cortico-reticularis
- pars retrolenticularis – enlarged part dorsally from ncl. lentiformis - tr. parieto-occipito-pontinus, radiatio optica a austica (end of the visual and auditory pathway)
- in the crus anterius + gene + crus posterius the fibers connecting the thalamus and the cortex run - radiatio thalami anterior, superior et posterior
- capsula externa (between putamen and claustrum) and capsula extrema (between claustrum and insular cortex) extend from the internal capsule
- during bleeding in the area of the internal capsule – the diagnosis is determined according to the typical symptoms of damage to individual pathways
