Non-neoplastic disease of the thymus
From WikiLectures
Hyperplasia
Hyperplasia is characterized by the formation of lymphatic follicles , which are absent in normal thymic tissue. Hyperplasia is typical in patients with autoimmune disease ( myasthenia gravis , lupus erythematosus , and rheumatoid arthritis ).
Dysgenesis
Dysgenesis, or impaired development of the thymus, is part of primary immunodeficiency states. Especially in DiGeorge and Nezelof syndromes , when cellular immunity is impaired. In these diseases, the thymus is replaced by a fibrous cord , or is completely absent .
Regressive changes
- Physiological involution (lipomatous atrophy) begins during puberty, when lipocytes begin to accumulate in the thymus . During involution, there is a reduction in the number of thymocytes and at the same time calcification of Hassl's bodies . The thymus does not completely disappear during adolescence, a residue can be found even during adulthood.
- Acute thymic involution is a disease caused by adrenal steroids . It arises when the organism is stressed, for example during malignant tumors, infections, starvation and cachexia . There is fragmentation and clustering of thymocytes , as well as proliferation of macrophages and cystic transformation of Hassal's bodies .
Links
References
- POVYŠIL, Ctibor and Ivo ŠTEINER, et al. Special pathology. 2nd edition. Prague: Galén, 2007. 430 pp. ISBN 978-807262-494-2 .
- FRCPATH, Vinay Kumar MBBS MD, Abul K. Abbas MBBS and Jon Aster MD, et al. Robbins Basic Pathology. 9th edition. Saunders: Elsevier Books, 2012. ISBN 1437717810 .
Category : Pathology Internal Medicine Rheumatology Pediatrics
