Basics of searching in free sources
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Internet - global information network[edit | edit source]
- worldwide system of interconnected computer networks (the so-called "network of networks")
- has no owner, no control centre that decides what, where and when is published on the network
- the operation and further development of the Internet is handled by non-governmental organizations (ISOC - Internet Society, W3C - WWW Consortium)
- it is free
History of the Internet[edit | edit source]
- first vision of a computer network - 1946 in Murray Leinster's short story "A Logic named Joe"
- originally developed for government and military purposes
- 1969 - ARPANET - the first precursor - interconnecting 4 computer networks (USA)
- 1972 - first e-mail program
- 1973 - TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - allows data transfer between networked computers (today - TCP/IP - a set of protocols for computer network communication)
- 1987 - The Internet was born
- 1989 - design of the development of the www and hypertext
- 1994 - commercialization of the Internet
- 2006 - 1 billion users
Basic Internet services[edit | edit source]
- WWW
- electronic mail
- Instant messaging
- FTP
- VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)
Internet as an information resource[edit | edit source]
- the selection of published information is not professionally edited or controlled
- information is outdated, lacking dates of origin
- poor quality, original source cannot be verified
- no information on the origin of the source (original, adopted)
Web - visible x invisible[edit | edit source]
- visible web (visible web, surface web) - freely searchable resources
- invisible web (invisible web, deep web) - resources whose content is not accessible by standard search engines (they are invisible to them) - databases, password protected sites, unlinked websites
Visible Web Tools[edit | edit source]
- subject catalogues' (browsing) - logically manually sorted links
- search engines' (browsing, searching) - components robot, index, search engine
- Google, ask.com, AltaVista, now www.cuil.com
- metasearch engines - search multiple search engines in parallel
- Metacrawler, Dogpile
- www.vyhledavace.net
Search Strategy Basics - Tips and Tricks[edit | edit source]
Search phrases, wildcards[edit | edit source]
- quotes create a phrase
- wild card symbols - ?, *, $
Boolean operators[edit | edit source]
- AND' (= all of the words) - narrows the query
- OR (= any of the words) - expands the query
- NOT (= removes unwanted references)
Ex. Locks NOT ((security AND device) OR locking OR FAB OR entry OR door OR door OR keys)'
Proximity Operators[edit | edit source]
- Specify the sequence or distance between search terms
- NEAR' - specifies the maximum distance between words (e.g. x near/3 y → x and y will be max 3 words apart)
- ADJ' (adjacent) - words next to each other, but no matter the order
- Followed' by - words next to each other in the exact order
Free Information Resources - Medicine[edit | edit source]
- www.nlk.cz/nlkcz/infozdroj/infozdroj.php
- pez.cuni.cz
- MediClub
- Zdrav.cz
Internet today - Web 2.0[edit | edit source]
- The term describes the trends and new possibilities of the Internet
- Term first used 2004 by Tim O'Reilly
- Ross Mayfiled - "Web 1.0 was commerce, web 2.0 is people"
- Users can do more than just get information
Earlier[edit | edit source]
- web content is created by the owner
- updates as the owner allows
- there is no community - the visitor is a passive recipient of information
Internet today - Web 2.0[edit | edit source]
- Visitors actively participate in content creation
- Interaction required - through discussions, chat, personal profile
- Web is a living organism - millions of content creators
- Emergence of communities - interest, professional - personal profile creation
- blogs, wiki systems
- AJAX - changes the content of their pages without having to reload them (maps - zoom)
- tagging, folksonomy
- RSS - on-demand notifications of news on selected pages
Web 2.0 search engines[edit | edit source]
Links[edit | edit source]
Related articles[edit | edit source]
- Information and Information Institutions
- Catalogues (1st LF UK, NT)
- Fundamentals of open source search
- Orientation to available e-resources
- Information resources at the UK
- Full-text electronic information resources
- Citing literature used
- Digital portfolio from an R&D perspective
- Written scholarly or professional communication
Resource[edit | edit source]
- KRAJÍČKOVÁ, Jitka. Basics of searching in free resources [online]. [cit. 2012-03-15]. <https://el.lf1.cuni.cz/p97169685/>.