Defensive breathing reflexes/Repetitorium
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Concepts assumed[edit | edit source]
- Reflex, reflective paths;
- breathing mechanics;
- function V.,IX. and X.
Reflexes from the upper respiratory tract[edit | edit source]
- Sneezing: after irritation nasopharynx a deep breath and a quick, forceful exhalation through the nose and mouth.
- Protective apnea (Kratschmer's reflex): after inhalation of an irritant by irritation in the upper respiratory tract apnea, closure of the glottis, bronchoconstriction.
- Aspiration Reflex.
- Expiratory reflex.
Reflexes from the lower respiratory parts[edit | edit source]
Under normal conditions, the airways are cleared by the action of the ciliated epithelium. If this mechanism is insufficient, reflex mechanisms start.
Cough[edit | edit source]
- After a deep breath, forced exhalation with the glottis closed, accompanied by a significant increase in intrathoracic pressure.
- Increased intrathoracic pressure compresses the pars membranacea trachea inward and thus narrows its lumen. Then the glottis is quickly opened and the trachea is cleared by a rapid flow of air (large pressure gradient, narrowing of the trachea, turbulent flow).
- Tusogenic zone.
- Cough: tracheobronchial, laryngeal, productive, non-productive.
- Loss of cough defense function.
- Cough after operations.
- Pathological cough - neurogenic, chronic.
Links[edit | edit source]
Related Articles[edit | edit source]
Source[edit | edit source]
- VÍZEK, Martin. Repetitorium [online]. [cit. 2012-01-06]. <https://web.archive.org/web/20130512032641/http://pf.lf2.cuni.cz/vyuka/repetitorium.html>.