Exudative superficial inflammations

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Inflammation is a phylogenetically established response of the organism to the action of a harmful substance. It has local and general manifestations and its function is reparative and defensive.

Composition[edit | edit source]

Inflammation has four components:

alterative
exudative
proliferative
immune

Exudative superficial inflammation has the most expressed exudation and occurs on the serosa, mucous membrane.

Exudation = formation of inflammatory effusion, exudate. Expansion of capillaries, increased permeability for proteins (albumins, globulins, fibrinogen), erythrocytes and inflammatory infiltrate cells (neutrophils , macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, capillary endothelial cells, fibroblasts).

Division[edit | edit source]

According to the predominant component, we divide the exudate into:

serous
fibrinous
septic
serofibrinous
hemorrhagic

Serous superficial inflammation[edit | edit source]

Serous exudate – clear, straw-yellow, thin fluid.

Examples: eczema, herpes, catarrhal bronchopneumonia.

Healing: decrease in exudation, possibly re-epithelialization.

Superficial purulent inflammation[edit | edit source]

Purulent exudate - viscous, thick liquid, whitish-yellow, yellow-green, blue (pseudomonad infection), red (mixture of blood). It destroys tissues – collicative necrosis!

Examples: acute catarrhal purulent bronchopneumonia, pustules, panaricia (staphylococcal skin infection), purulent angina, purulent appendicitis, purulent pleuritis (empyema), purulent sinusitis, purulent peritonitis.

Healing: decrease in exudation, possibly re-epithelialization.

Fibrinous superficial inflammation[edit | edit source]

Fibrinous exudate - whitish-yellow, flakes or solid mass. It sticks!
Pablano inflammation - pablana - hard, sharply demarcated, whitish-yellow, varying degrees of firmness. It consists of fibrin and necrotic mucosa. We divide inflammation according to the depth of necrosis (fibrin/necrosis ratio):
- Croupous - little necrosis, a lot of fibrin, the papule can be peeled off easily, the base does not bleed, it heals by reepithelialization. An example is angina mononucleosis.
- Diphtheria - as much fibrin as necrosis, pablana is tight. Examples are diphtheria, bacillary dysentery.
- Fibrous - lots of necrosis, little fibrin, heals with granulation tissue and scar tissue. Examples are burns, abrasions.

Fibrinous inflammation on the serosa - macro "fibrin attacks" - hard, sticky, whitish-yellow.
- Example: serosis of the appendix, gallbladder, ovary in appendicitis, cholecystitis and oophoritis (or salpingitis), serosis of the stomach over chronic peptic ulcer,peritoneum and serosis of the intestines after surgery, diffuse fibrinous peritonitis.
- Healing: organization of granulation tissue, scar, adhesions (mechanical ileus).

Gangrenous superficial inflammation[edit | edit source]

Putrefaction, ischemia, gray-green, foul-smelling, decaying tissue.

Examples: on serosas (stercoral peritonitis) and mucous membranes (noma, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis).

Links[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

STŘÍTESKÝ, Jan. Patologie. 1. edition. 2001. ISBN 80-86297-06-3.