Headache

Headache is a symptom. In particular, sudden, intense pain can signal a serious, life-threatening illness.

Headaches are divided into:

• primary (pain is one of the manifestations of non-life-threatening, chronic, paroxysmal disease);
• secondary (arises as a symptom of another disease).

The most important task in examining a patient with a headache is to identify severe secondary headache that can be life-threatening.

It is always alarming :

• first headache in a patient over 40 years of age;
• sudden, intense headache;
• gradually developing atypical headache unresponsive to conventional treatment;
• headache in a patient with cancer or HIV infection ;
• the presence of any focal neurological finding or impaired consciousness .

The reason for a visit to the doctor is most often a sudden or severe headache .

Personal history

We detect the presence of diseases that are accompanied by headaches. For example

• circulatory system disorders;
• kidney disease ;
• general infections;
• cancer;
• ENT affections;
• eye diseases;
• teeth and jaw infections.

Differential diagnosis

In the differential diagnosis of headaches, the most important thing is careful taking of the anamnesis and neurological examination .

We are finding out:

• cancerthe nature of the pain (dull, pulsating, whipping);
• cancerlocalisation of pain (hemicrania, diffuse, behind the eye);
• cancerpain intensity and duration (seconds, hours, days, daily pain);
• cancerfrequency of pain (several times a day, monthly);
• cancerother accompanying symptoms (phonophobia, photophobia, odorophobia, lacrimation, nasal secretion, cerebral nerve palsy, hemiparesis , cerebellar symptoms , impaired consciousness) and inducing factors (physical activity, defecation, head tilt , stress , menstruation , medication, alcohol);
• cancerwe ask about the current treatment and its effect.

Primary headaches

Primary headaches have a normal neurological finding. These include:

• migraine ;
• tension headaches ;
• trigeminal autonomic cephalgia
  • cluster headache ;
  • chronic paroxysmal hemicrania ;
  • continuum hemicrania ;
  • SUNCT syndrome ;
• headaches during sexual and physical activity .

Complications: chronic daily headache .

Secondary headaches

Headaches are often associated with other neurological symptoms. As a secondary symptom, headaches are accompanied by the following serious diseases and conditions:

• subarachnoid hemorrhage ;
• meningitis and meningoencephalitis ;
• intracranial expansion ;
• strokes, especially hemorrhagic strokes ;
• carotid artery dissection ;
• cerebral venous thrombosis ;
• strokescranial neuralgia;
  • trigeminal neuralgia ;
• sinusitis ;
• glaucoma attack ;
• hypertension ;
• intracranial hypertension
• temporal artery ;
• head injury ;
• strokesstp. regime error, including alcohol excess;
• sleep apnea syndrome (SAS);
• cervicocranial syndrome .

Odkazy

Související články

• Bolest hlavy (pediatrie)
• Bolesti hlavy – článek pro postgraduální studium
• Bolesti hlavy/PGS (VPL)
• Chronická každodenní bolest hlavy

Externí odkazy

• Template:Mefanet

Reference

• ws:Bolesti hlavy

Kategorie:Neurologie Kategorie:Vnitřní lékařství Kategorie:Interní propedeutika