Histology MCQs/Endocrine Glands

Structure of insulin

1 Which of following statements describes endocrine glands best?

	Endocrine glands are composed of trabecular epithelium
	Endocrine glands have no striated ducts
	Endocrine glands have no ducts
	Endocrine glands are avascular

2 Which structure gives rise the adenohypophysis?

	Ebner's glands
	Rathke's pouch
	Diencephalon
	Hypothalamus

3 Which structure contains cells producing ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?

	Infundibum of hypophysis
	Adenohypophysis
	Neurohypophysis
	Hypothalamus

4 In the hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system, we have a vessel between two capillary networks. Which type of vessel is it?

	Both arteries and veins in similar amount
	Mainly veins, occasionally arteries
	Artery
	Vein

5 Which of following statements about cells of adenohypophysis is true?

	Chromophobic cells belong to the immune system
	Chromophilic cells are hormone-producing cells
	Chromophobic cells are ACTH-producing cells
	Chromophilic cells produce oxytocin

6 Which statement about the suprarenal gland is true?

	Cells in medulla produce norepinephrin (noradrenalin)
	Cells in medulla produce glucocorticoids
	Cells in cortex produce dopamine
	Cells in cortex produce TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone)

7 Cells of cortex of the suprarenal gland have conspicuous morphological property. Which one?

	Their rough endoplasmic reticulum is tubular
	Their mitochondria have tubular crists
	Their Golgi apparatus is swollen
	Their nucleus has two lobes

8 Which order of layers of cortex of the adrenal gland is correct (from the surface to the medulla):

	Zona glomerulosa - zona reticularis - zona fasciculata
	Zona reticularis - zona glomerulosa - zona fasciculata
	Zona glomerulosa - zona fasciculata - zona reticularis
	Zona reticularis - zona fasciculata - zona glomerulosa

9 Which statement about suprarenal gland is true?

	There are no androgen-producing cells in the suprarenal gland
	Aldosteron-producing cells are derived from neural crest
	Cortex and medulla are of the same embryonic origin
	Chromaffin cells are derived from neural crest

10 Which cells of islets of Langerhans produce insulin?

	α cells (A cells)
	β cells (B cells)
	δ cells (D cells)
	PP cells

11 Which molecule is main compound of colloid in thyroid gland?

	Glycoprotein called thyreoglobulin
	Lipoprotein called thyreoglobulin
	Glycoprotein called tyroxin
	Lipoprotein called tyroxin

12 Which type of epithelium is epithelium composed of follicular cells (thyrocytes) in the thyroid gland?

	Stratified squamous to simple columnar epithelium
	Simple squamous to simple columnar epithelium
	Pseudostratified columnar non-ciliated
	Trabecular epithelium

13 Hormones produced by the thyroid gland contain unique chemical part. Which one?

	Strontium
	Iodine
	Cesium
	Cobalt

14 Which hormone is produced by parafollicular cells (C cells) of thyroid gland?

	Somatostatin
	Calcitonin
	ACTH
	PTH

15 How many parathyroid glands do we usually have?

	2
	4
	6
	10

16 Which type of cells forms supportive structure of the pineal gland?

	Reticular connective tissue
	Loose connective tissue
	Reticular epithelium
	Astrocytes

17 What is main function of glucagon?

	Raises production of glucocorticoids
	Lowers production of glucocorticoids
	Raises blood level of glucose
	Lowers blood level of glucose

18 What is main function of mineralocorticoids?

	Stimulate reabsorbtion of calcium and secretion of phosphates in large intestine
	Stimulate reabsorbtion of natrium and secretion of potassium in large intestine
	Stimulate reabsorbtion of calcium and secretion of phosphates in kidney
	Stimulate reabsorbtion of natrium and secretion of potassium in kidney

19 What is main function of tyroxine?

	Increases production of sex hormones
	Regulates circadian rythms
	Increases metabolic rate
	Increases storage of fat

20 Which cells are destroyed in type I diabetes mellitus?

	α cells (A cells)
	β cells (B cells)
	δ cells (D cells)
	Type I diabetes is not caused by loss of certain cell type

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