Histology MCQs/Urinary System

Drinking regime...

1 Which vessel leaves the glomerulus (vas efferens)?

	Arteriole
	Artery
	Venule
	Vein

2 Which structure is associated with vasa recta?

	Proximal convoluted tubule
	Distal convoluted tubule
	Loop of Henle
	Glomerulus

3 Where take place the podocytes?

	In the space between sheets of Bowman's capsule
	In the inner sheet of Bowman's capsule only
	In the outer sheet of Bowman's capsule only
	In both sheets of Bowman's capsule

4 Where takes place the nephrin?

	Close to the nucleus of epithelial cells of proximal tubules
	On basolateral pole of epithelial cells of proximal tubules
	Close to the nucleus of podocytes
	Between processes of podocytes

5 Which type of capillaries is inside the glomerulus?

	With endothelium without fenestrations and with discontinuous basement membrane
	With endothelium without fenestrations and with continuous basement membrane
	With fenestrated endothelium and with discontinuous basement membrane
	With fenestrated endothelium and with continuous basement membrane

6 What is main biophysical mechanism behind production of the primary urine?

	Active transportation
	Filtration
	Diffusion
	Osmosis

7 Which of following statements about the primary urine is not true?

	Concentration of albumin in primary urine is similar to concentration in blood
	Daily production of primary urine is about 120 liters
	Primary urine can contain glucose physiologically
	Primary urine is an isotonic fluid

8 Which of following statements about the epithelial cells of proximal convoluted tubule is not true?

	Cells contain abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum
	Cells contain numerous mitochondria
	Cells have basal labyrinth
	Cells have brush border

9 Which part of nephron is part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

	Proximal convoluted tubule
	Distal convoluted tubule
	Connecting duct
	Collecting duct

10 Which vessel is part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

	Arteria arcuata
	Vas afferens
	Vas efferens
	Vas rectum

11 What is main function of the aquaporin?

	It is a membrane protein preventing trascellular leak of water
	It is a membrane receptor of water potential
	It is a membrane chanel for water
	It is an transcription factor

12 What is main function of the intercalated cells in collecting ducts?

	Acid-base balance (pH of inner environment)
	Regulation of secretion of potassium
	Regulation of secretion of natrium
	Regulation of secretion of water

13 Urine in the urinary bladder (resulting urine) is described as hypertoni- What does it mean?

	Urine has higher concetration of osmotically active particles that blood plasma
	Urine has lower concetration of osmotically active particles that blood plasma
	Osmotic pressure of urine is higher than atmospheric pressure
	Osmotic pressure of urine is lower than atmospheric pressure

14 What is not true about the umbrella cells (facet cells)?

	Cell membrane of their apical pole is asymmetric
	They have numerous junctional complexes
	Their mitotic activity is high
	They have usually two nuclei

15 What is a uroplakin?

	Transmembrane protein on apical pole of umbrella cells (facet cells)
	Transmembrane protein on basal pole of umbrella cells (facet cells)
	Cytoplasmic protein inside umbrella cells (facet cells)
	Intranuclear protein of umbrella cells (facet cells)

16 What is true about the detrusor muscle?

	Detrusor muscle is name of striated muscle adjacent to the wall of the urinary bladder
	Detrusor muscle is name of smooth muscle adjacent to the wall of the urinary bladder
	Detrusor muscle is name of striated muscle inside the wall of the urinary bladder
	Detrusor muscle is name of smooth muscle inside the wall of the urinary bladder

17 How depends appearance of the umbrella cells (facet cells) on the content of the urinary bladder?

	Shape of the cells does not depend on the volume of urine inside the bladder
	During emptying of the bladder, the cells oscillate
	If the bladder is empty, the cells are flattened
	If the bladder is full, the cells are flattened

18 Which type of epithelium is inside the ureter?

	Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
	Transitional epithelium (urothelium)
	Stratified squamous epithelium
	Simple columnar epithelium

19 Which epithelium is main epithelium of the male uretra inside the navicular fossa?

	Simple stratified non-keratinizing epithelium
	Urothelium (transitional epithelium)
	Stratified columnar epithelium
	Simple columnar epithelium

20 What is true about external sphincter muscle (of urethra)?

	It is composed of smooth muscle in men and of striated muscle in women
	It is composed of smooth muscle in women and of striated muscle in men
	It is composed of striated muscle in both men and women
	It is composed of smooth muscle in both men and women

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