Idiotypes and antiidiotypes

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Idiotopes are the binding sites of individual antibodies with different structures that recognize the respective antigen:

• specific parts of immunoglobulins,
• idiotype is the sum of idiotopes.

Immunoglobulin variability can be:

1. allotypic: refers to the constant part; antibody molecules have interindividual variability,
2. idiotypic: refers to the variable portions H and L; an idiotope is an antigenic determinant (epitope) in the variable part of an antibody,

• idiotopes produce anti-idiotypic antibodies - a role in the antibody response in the final phase of attenuation of lymphocyte activity,
• Anti-idiotypic antibodies represent the "internal image" of the antigen in the immune system, and next-generation antibodies can again react with the original antigen → idiotypic network.

Sources

• HOŘEJŠÍ, Václav – BARTŮŇKOVÁ, Jiřina. Základy imunologie. 3. edition. Praha : Triton, 2008. 280 pp. ISBN 80-7254-686-4.