Lip Cancer
From WikiLectures
Lip Cancer[edit | edit source]
- Lip is most common single site for oral cancer.
- Carcinoma of lower lip more common + grows slower.
- In patients 50–70 years old, mostly men.
- Lesions arise on vermillion border of lower lip, appear as non-healing ulcers, painless.
- Larger lesions metastasize to local sub-mental or submandibular lymph nodes.
Etiology[edit | edit source]
Lip cancer is multifactorial dissease. Factors that increase the risk of getting lip cancer are especially:
- Tobacco use;
- pipe smoking ;
- thermal injury;
- lip trauma;
- poor oral hygiene;
- mechanical irritants ;
- immunosuppression;
- UV light;
- decreased antioxidants in diet.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
- Incisional biopsy (includes portion of lip lesion + portion of normal appearing tissue).
- Radiographic: unnecessary for early stage tumors; for advanced tumors that adhere to or invade adjacent mandible.
Types[edit | edit source]
- Squamous cell carcinoma: from epithelial lining of oral cavity, one sided, shallow ulceration + crustening, slow spread.
- Basal cell carcinoma: less aggressive, destroys tissue locally, upper lip.
- Minor salivary gland cancers: upper lip, rubbery nodules, ulcerated.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
- Surgical excision
- Remove carcinoma within 2 cm margin of normal tissue.
- Radiotherapy
- Teletherapy= external beam,
- Plesiotherapy= implanted radioactive seeds, needles.
- Cryotherapy
- For minor tumors.
