Lower permanent incisors

Human teeth

The lower permanent incisors are very similar in shape, they differ only in size. The lower central permanent incisor is the smallest permanent tooth. In general, the lower permanent incisors are gracile and therefore difficult to use prosthetically. There is also frequent compression and associated rotation. Crown has a so-called chisel-like shape. These are pillars III. classes according to Voldřich.

Incisor

• The labial surface is slightly convex with a smooth surface. Similar to the upper antagonist, there is serration on the incisal edge.
• The lingual surface is slightly concave with a distinct tuberculum dentale. Marginal approximal bars are not very prominent in these teeth.
• Approximal surfaces have the shape of a triangle and pass at a right angle to the incisal edge.
• The root of the middle lower incisor is straight, conical and flattened on the sides. The root of the lower lateral incisor quite often has a distal inclination. Both have a longitudinal groove on the sides of the root.

Links

Related Articles

• Upper central permanent incisor
• Upper lateral permanent incisor
• Upper Permanent Canine
• Lower permanent canine

References

• JANSOVÁ, K – EBER, M. Preclinical Dentistry : I. part - morphological. 2nd edition. Palacký University Publishing House, 1996. 72 pp. pp. 39-55. ISBN 80-7067-596-9.

• GRAY, George – FOLTAN, Rene. Clinical anatomy of teeth and jaws. 1. edition. Triton, 2010. ISBN 978-80-7387-312-7.