Malignant tumors of the salivary glands
Malignant tumors of the salivary glands are divided into epithelial and mesenchymal. The most common are Acinocellular carcinoma , mucoepidermoid carcinoma , adenoid cystic carcinoma (cylindrical) and pleomorphic adenoma . The therapy is surgical - radical. Patients with Sjögren's syndrome have an increased incidence of salivary gland lymphomas.
Malignant epithelial tumors[edit | edit source]
They come from the glandular parenchyma. These include acinocellular carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma.
Acinocellular carcinoma[edit | edit source]
- The most common malignant tumor from salivary gland acins (the following cancers are from ductal / myoepithelial cells).
- Finding mainly in gl. parotis.
- More common in women.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma[edit | edit source]
- They make up about 5% of salivary gland tumors.
- It consists of mucus-producing cells, epidermoid bb and bb of the transitional type, and is usually imperfectly encapsulated.
- Low malignancy – well-differentiated, cystic structures lined with mucous bb.
- Highly malignant - low-differentiated, solid epidermoid bb, mucus bb are in the minority.
- Prognosis: 70-90% of patients survive 5 years.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma[edit | edit source]
- They make up 40% of glandular cancers.
- It occurs in three forms - glandular, solid and tubular.
- It consists of ductal and myoepithelial cells.
- Metastasizes to regional nodes and remotely to the lungs, skeleton.
- The prognostic depends on the extent of the tumor and the radicality of the surgical procedure.
- The solid form is the least favorable.
- It mainly affects the small salivary glands of the palate, less often the large salivary glands.
- It also spreads perineurally, sometimes intraneurally.
Carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma[edit | edit source]
- It is caused by a malignant transformation of a benign tumor.
- This is reported to be 3-4%.
- We distinguish according to the histological structure into true, malignant and mixed.
- Acceleration of growth will indicate a malignant transformation.
Malignant mesenchymal tumors[edit | edit source]
Benign mesenchymal tumors such as hemangioendothelioma, lipoma, neurinoma, neurofibroma most often appear in the salivary glands . Of the malignant tumors, only malignant lymphoma is included. Malignant lymphoma is divided into two categories according to etiology: primary, arising in Sjogren's syndrome, or secondary in generalization.
Links[edit | edit source]
Related articles[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- LIŠKA, Karel. Orofaciální patologie. 1. edition. 1983. 160 pp.
- PAZDERA, Jindřich. Základy ústní a čelistní chirurgie. 1. edition. Olomouc : Universita Palackého v Olomouci, 2007. 0 pp. ISBN 978-80-244-1670-0.