Malignant tumors of the salivary glands

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Malignant tumors of the salivary glands are divided into epithelial and mesenchymal. The most common are Acinocellular carcinoma , mucoepidermoid carcinoma , adenoid cystic carcinoma (cylindrical) and pleomorphic adenoma . The therapy is surgical - radical. Patients with Sjögren's syndrome have an increased incidence of salivary gland lymphomas.

Malignant epithelial tumors[edit | edit source]

They come from the glandular parenchyma. These include acinocellular carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Acinocellular carcinoma[edit | edit source]

  • The most common malignant tumor from salivary gland acins (the following cancers are from ductal / myoepithelial cells).
  • Finding mainly in gl. parotis.
  • More common in women.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma[edit | edit source]

  • They make up about 5% of salivary gland tumors.
  • It consists of mucus-producing cells, epidermoid bb and bb of the transitional type, and is usually imperfectly encapsulated.
  • Low malignancy – well-differentiated, cystic structures lined with mucous bb.
  • Highly malignant - low-differentiated, solid epidermoid bb, mucus bb are in the minority.
  • Prognosis: 70-90% of patients survive 5 years.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma[edit | edit source]

  • They make up 40% of glandular cancers.
  • It occurs in three forms - glandular, solid and tubular.
  • It consists of ductal and myoepithelial cells.
  • Metastasizes to regional nodes and remotely to the lungs, skeleton.
  • The prognostic depends on the extent of the tumor and the radicality of the surgical procedure.
  • The solid form is the least favorable.
  • It mainly affects the small salivary glands of the palate, less often the large salivary glands.
  • It also spreads perineurally, sometimes intraneurally.

Carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma[edit | edit source]

  • It is caused by a malignant transformation of a benign tumor.
  • This is reported to be 3-4%.
  • We distinguish according to the histological structure into true, malignant and mixed.
  • Acceleration of growth will indicate a malignant transformation.

Malignant mesenchymal tumors[edit | edit source]

Benign mesenchymal tumors such as hemangioendothelioma, lipoma, neurinoma, neurofibroma most often appear in the salivary glands . Of the malignant tumors, only malignant lymphoma is included. Malignant lymphoma is divided into two categories according to etiology: primary, arising in Sjogren's syndrome, or secondary in generalization.

Links[edit | edit source]

Related articles[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  • LIŠKA, Karel. Orofaciální patologie. 1. edition. 1983. 160 pp. 
  • PAZDERA, Jindřich. Základy ústní a čelistní chirurgie. 1. edition. Olomouc : Universita Palackého v Olomouci, 2007. 0 pp. ISBN 978-80-244-1670-0.


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