Metabotropic receptors
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Metabotropic receptors are receptors coupled to G-proteins that are designed for hydrophilic substances. The receptor is made up of a glycoprotein chain that passes through the membrane seven times. Signal molecules bind to the N-terminus of the chain.
Construction of receptors[edit | edit source]
Extracellular domain: ligand binding site
Transmembrane domain: a hydrophobic AMK that forms 7 α helices
Intracytoplasmic domain: interaction with G-proteins
G-protein: consists of three subunits: α,β,γ. G-proteins are bound to the receptor on the inside of the cytoplasmic membrane by means of lipid anchors (covalently bound fatty acids).
The ``α subunit binds the corresponding guanosine nucleotide and has GTPase activity.
Function of receptors[edit | edit source]
Activated state: bound GTP
Inactive Status: tied to GDP
Activation process: the ligand binds to the receptor, GDP is exchanged for GTP, the α subunit with GTP detaches and travels to the appropriate effector. Metabotropic receptors influence the production of second messengers.
| A kind of α-subunit | effector | The second messenger | Second messenger effects |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gs | Activation of adenylate cyclase | cAMP | cAMP – activates protein kinase A, which phosphorylates proteins on the inner side of the membrane |
| Gi | Inhibition of adenylate cyclase | cAMP | |
| Gq | Phospholipase c | Inositol triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG) | IP3 – opens calcium channels on the endoplasmic reticulum
DAG – activates protein kinase C |
Examples of metabotropic receptors[edit | edit source]
- dopamine receptor
- GABA receptor – type B
- glucagon receptors
- secretin receptors
- metabotropic glutamate receptor
Links[edit | edit source]
Related Articles[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ws:Metabotropní receptory
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Incomplete publication citation. MYSLIVEČEK, Jaromir, et al. Fundamentals of neuroscience. Prague : Triton, 2009. 390 s. 978-80-7262-438-6.
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Incomplete publication citation. , et al. Medical Physiology. Prague : Grada, 2011. 790 s. 978-80-7262-438-6.
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Incomplete publication citation. SILBERNAGL, Stefan and Agamemnon DESPOPOULOS. Atlas of Human Physiology. Prague : Grada, 2004. 448 s. 978-80-7262-438-6.
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Incomplete citation of contribution in proceedings. SILBERNAGL, Stefan and Agamemnon DESPOPOULOS. Atlas of Human Physiology. Prague : Grada, 2004. 448 s. {{
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Incomplete article citation. SILBERNAGL, Stefan and Agamemnon DESPOPOULOS. 2004, year 2004,
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Incomplete site citation. SILBERNAGL, Stefan and Agamemnon DESPOPOULOS. Grada, ©2004.
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Incomplete carrier citation. SILBERNAGL, Stefan and Agamemnon DESPOPOULOS. Grada, ©2004.
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Incomplete database citation. Grada, ©2004.
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Incomplete publication citation. MATOUŠ, Bohuslav, et al. Basics of medical chemistry and biochemistry. Prague : Galen, 2010. 540 s. 978-80-7262-438-6.
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Incomplete citation of contribution in proceedings. MATOUŠ, Bohuslav, et al. Basics of medical chemistry and biochemistry. Prague : Galen, 2010. 540 s. {{
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Incomplete article citation. MATOUŠ, Bohuslav, et al. 2010, year 2010,
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Incomplete site citation. MATOUŠ, Bohuslav, et al. Galen, ©2010.
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Incomplete carrier citation. MATOUŠ, Bohuslav, et al. Galen, ©2010.
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Incomplete database citation. Galen, ©2010.
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MATOUŠ, Bohuslav, et al. Basics of medical chemistry and biochemistry. Prague : Galen, 2010. 540 s. 978-80-7262-438-6} }
