Overview of Bacteria
From WikiLectures
Text intended for repetition for microbiology exam.
Gram-negative Bacteria[edit | edit source]
| Genus | Species | Properties | Culture agar | Pathogenicity | Transmission | Disease | Diagnostics | Therapy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Helicobacter | pylori | microoxyphilic, mobile, G-, rods, ferments AMK, not carbohydrates | chocolate agar,
Thayer-Martin (3-7days) |
adhesins, flagella, urease | fecally-orally | acute gastritis,
chronic gastritis |
microscopy (HE, Gram, Warthin-Starry), cultivation, urease test, breath test, serology | AMO + KLA
H+ pump inhibitor / AMO + MET + bismuth |
| Legionella | spp., pneumophilica | mobile, aerobic, G-, slender rods, pleomorphic, two flagella, catalase positive | BCYE (buffered charcoal yeast extract) - 2,3-dihydroxy fatty acids, week, CO2,
25–43 °C |
hemolysin, cytotoxin, endotoxin, DNase | inhalation,
not from humans, reservoir standing water |
pneumonia,
pontic fever, legionary fever |
ERY + RIFAMPI / CIPROFLOX / OFLOX,
not β-lactam | |
| Bordetella | pertussis | G-, immobile ovoid short rods, obligate aerobe, ferments amino acids, not carbohydrates, requires NAD, virulent strains hemolyzes, bipolar metachromatic granule (toluidine blue) | Bordet-Gengou (penicillin present) | filamentous haemagglutinin, pertussis toxin, haemolysin,… | droplets,
reservoir human |
whooping cough (last stage in the absence of bacteria) | direct fluorescence (nasopharyngeal aspirate), PCR, Ig-ELISA (control only, positive in later stages), culture insensitive (point of care inoculation), non-specific microscopy | supportive treatment of respiratory epithelial damage, bacteria are no longer present in the late stages
(ATB unnecessary) |
| Haemophilus | spp. | small immobile non-sporulating pleomorphic rods, facultatively aerobic, capnophilic, G- | chocolate agar, Levin's agar (Staphyloccocus aureus; satellite growth), needs NAD (P) and hemin (factors X and V) | meningitis, epiglottitis, arthritis, sinusitis, otitis, pneumonia, conjunctivitis, Brazil purple fever, chancroid | in the Czech Republic β-lactam (foreign strains tend to be resistant), amoxicillin, cotrimoxazole |
Gram-positive Bacteria[edit | edit source]
Links[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- MUDR. ADÁMKOVÁ, . Gram-negative non-fermenting sticks and cocci [lecture for subject microbiology, specialization general medicine, 1.LF UK]. Prague. 15-10-2010.
