Raynaud's Disease
From WikiLectures
Raynaud's disease(primary Raynaud's syndrome) is a disease of the arterial system, most often of the upper limbs . This is a type of vasoneurosis (functional arterial disorders), which is characterized by cold whiteness of the fingers(affecting the fingers is rarer).
| Raynaud's disease | |
| Raynaud's phenomenon | |
| Risk factors | female gender |
|---|---|
| Clinical picture | pale to white fingertips |
| Classification and references | |
| ICD-10 | I73.0 |
| MeSH ID | D011928 |
| OMIM | 179600 |
| MedlinePlus | 000412 |
| Medscape | 331197 |
Etiopathogenesis[edit | edit source]
The disease is more common in women in the winter months, its cause is unknown. It is assumed that this is a genetically determined hypersensitivity to hormonal and neurovegetative influences. It typically takes place in three stages:
- Vasoconstriction: in the cold, the small arteries in the hands (legs) constrict, which results in ischemia , the fingers turn white, are numb and may hurt.
- Vasodilation (passive hyperemia): arterial vasoconstriction is followed by vein dilation with blood stasis ; cyanosis occurs ; fingers are blue.
- Hyperemia (active hyperemia): after several tens of minutes, the spasm subsides, reactive hyperemia occurs; fingers turn red, painful paresthesias often appear.
Small necroses may develop over time .
Diagnostics[edit | edit source]
The diagnosis is established on the basis of anamnesis, physical examination , clinical picture and after excluding the secondary form of Raynaud's syndrome , for which capillaroscopy can be used .
Therapy[edit | edit source]
- Non-pharmacological: STOP smoking, dress warmly, eliminate stress, avoid sudden changes in temperature.
- Pharmacological: calcium channel blockers(nifedipine), prostaglandins.
Links[edit | edit source]
Related articles[edit | edit source]
External links[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- KLENER, Paul, et al. Propedeutics in internal medicine. 3rd revised edition edition. Prague : Galen, 2009. 324 pp. pp. 26. ISBN 978-80-7262-643-4.
- VOKURKA, Martin – HUGO, Jan. The Great Medical Dictionary. 8. edition. 2009. ISBN 978-80-7345-166-0.
- ŠTORK, Jiří, et al. Dermatovenereology. 1. edition. Prague : Galen, Karolinum, 2008. 502 pp. ISBN 978-80-7262-371-6.
- ČEŠKA, Richard, ŠTULC, Tomáš, Vladimír TESAŘ and Milan LUKÁŠ, et al. Interna. 3. edition. Prague : Stanislav Juhaňák - Triton, 2020. 964 pp. pp. 225-226. ISBN 978-80-7553-780-5.
