Structure of the myocardium, structure and function of the heart impulse-conducting system

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Myokard
Myocardium
Myocardium

Myocardium (tunica media) is the cardiac muscle that ensures the regular contractions of the heart. It is the most massive part of the heart wall, which it forms together with the endocardium and epicardium. The strongest myocardium can be found in the left ventricle, where the blood pressure is the highest, where oxygenated blood is expelled into the general circulation.

Structure[edit | edit source]

The basic structural unit of heart muscle is the cardiomyocyte. These are muscle cells that have the shape of the letter Y.' The cell nuclei located in the center of the cell are elongated and contain one to two nucleoli.

Essence[edit | edit source]

Cardiac muscle tissue combines the properties of skeletal and smooth muscle. It is made up of striated cardiac tissue, which is 'not controllable by will (is not subject to voluntary control).

Innervation comes from the autonomic nervous system, which controls the frequency of contractions. The contractions themselves arise spontaneously in the transduction system of the heart (cardiac automatism).

The myocardium is nourished by the coronary arteries, which originate directly from the aorta. If it is not sufficiently supplied with nutrients, complications occur in the form of diseases, especially myocardial infarction and Ischemic heart disease.


Links[edit | edit source]

Related articles[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  • yes. . Funkční histologie. 2. edition. H & H, 2000. pp. 291. ISBN 978-80-86022-80-2.
  • yes. . Základy histologie. 1. edition. H & H, 2002. pp. 502. ISBN 80-85787-37-7.
  • EDUARD, Klika. Histologie pro stomatology : celost. vysokošk. učebnice pro lék. fakulty v ČSSR. 1. edition. Praha : Avicenum, 1988. pp. 448. 
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