Thyrotropin releasing hormone
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Thyrotropin releasing hormone, TRH, is the simplest of the hypothalamic hormones. It is a tripeptide composed of derivatives of the amino acids glutamate, histidine and proline[1] (specifically pyroglutamyl-histidyl-prolinamide).[2]
TRH has several functions:
- stimulates the synthesis and secretion of thyrotropin (TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone) from the pituitary gland;
- when injected at high doses stimulates pituitary prolactin secretion ;
- In the brain and spinal cord probably serve as a neuromodulator.[1]
TRH has the highest concetration in the hypothalamus. Nerve cells that produce TRH in the hypothalamus are regulated from the higher centers of the CNS and by serum thyroid hormone levels. High concentrations of hormones silents the cells and low ones stimulate them. From this point of view, TRH represents the highest component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis.[1]
TRH deficiency is a rare form of hypothyroidism.[1]
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- ↑ a b c d UTIGER, Robert D. Encyclopaedia britannica : thyrotropin-releasing hormone [online]. [cit. 2013-05-28]. <https://www.britannica.com/science/thyrotropin-releasing-hormone>.
- ↑ Pubchem : Protirelin (compound) [databáze]. [cit. 2019-05-28]. <https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/638678#section=Information-Sources>.
