Torsion dystonia

From WikiLectures

Torsional dystonia can be:

  1. generalized (affects trunk muscles) – tonic generalized spasms, lordosis increases when walking, turns into trunk torsion (twisting) + head tilt making walking impossible (dysbasia lordotica progressiva),
  2. localized (affects only certain muscle segments / groups of muscles), e.g. torticollis muscularis spastica (this is torsional dystonia of the neck),
  3. also professional cramp (writer's cramp) - often in musicians. [1]


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  1. SEIDL, Zdeněk – OBENBERGER, Jiří. Neurologie pro studium i praxi. 2. edition. Grada Publishing, 2004. ISBN 80-247-0623-7.