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Administration of transfusions

From WikiLectures

A transfusion is the giving of blood obtained from one person (donor) to another person (recipient).

Administering a transfusion to a patient

Donation prerequisites[edit | edit source]

  • Age between 18-65 years, age over 60 is not recommended for the first collection (does not apply to autologous collections - blood for autotransfusion, and to the donation of hematopoietic cells for transplantation between blood relatives);
  • weight over 50 kg;
  • appropriate contact with the donor, consent of the donor.

Exclusion from donation[edit | edit source]

Permanent exclusions include[edit | edit source]

Temporary exclusions from donation[edit | edit source]

  • allergies (pollen allergies, hay fever or asthma in the stage of disease manifestations),
  • infectious diseases (TT above 38 degrees C – exclusion for 2 weeks after discontinuation of ATB and resolution of symptoms),
  • infectious mononucleosis - 1 year after complete recovery,
  • viral hepatitis A – 1 year after complete recovery,
  • persons after acupuncture, tattooing and piercing (6 months to 1 year),
  • pulmonary TB (exclusion for 2 years after recovery),
  • vaccination with live vaccines (TB, rubella ,...) 4 weeks after the application of vaccination,
  • vaccination – passive immunization ( influenza , tick-borne encephalitis , tetanus ,...) 48 hours after application, if there are no complications,
  • surgery (small surgical procedures – e.g. after tooth extraction), 1 week,
  • major operations – 6 months,
  • pregnancy – 9 months after childbirth and 1 month after the end of lactation,
  • persons after transfusion – 1 year.

Blood groups[edit | edit source]

  • Blood groups are organic substances found on the surface of cells, some even in blood serum;

Occurrence of blood groups in the Czech lands[edit | edit source]

  • The most common is group A (approx. 43%),
  • further 0 (approx. 42%),
  • followed by group B (approx. 11%),
  • the lowest incidence is group AB (approx. 4%).

Autotransfusion[edit | edit source]

  • It is a safe, relatively risk-free method of blood transfusion;
  • it is performed in patients with planned extensive operations (the condition is that the patient is otherwise in a reasonable state of health);
  • blood is taken from the patient in the pre-operative period (the amount of blood taken depends on the blood count and the patient's clinical condition);
  • blood is preserved and prepared for retransfusion during surgery or in the first postoperative days;

Advantages: exclusion of allergic, hemolytic and infectious complications.

Links[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  • KOLEKTIV AUTORŮ,. Základy ošetřování nemocných. 1. edition. Praha : Karolinum, 2005. 145 pp. ISBN 80-246-0845-6.
  • MIKŠOVÁ, Z, et al. Kapitoly z ošetřovatelské péče I.. 2. edition. Praha : Grada, 2006. 248 pp. ISBN 80-247-1442-6.
  • MIKŠOVÁ, Z, et al. Kapitoly z ošetřovatelské péče II.. 2. edition. Praha : Grada, 2006. 171 pp. ISBN 80-247-1443-4.
  • RICHARDS, A – EDWARDS, S. Repetitorium pro zdravotní sestry. 1. edition. Praha : Grada, 2004. 376 pp. ISBN 80-247-0932-5.
  • ROZSYPALOVÁ, M – ŠAFRÁNKOVÁ, A. Ošetřovatelství I., II.. 1. edition. Informatorium, 2002. 239 pp. ISBN 80-86073-97-1.
  • WORKMAN, B – BENNETT, C., L.. Klíčové dovednosti sester. 1. edition. Praha : Grada, 2006. 259 pp. ISBN 80-247-1714-X.


External links[edit | edit source]

  • OSACKÁ, Petronela. Infúzioterapia a transfúzioterapia [online]. Multimediálna podpora výučby klinických a zdravotníckych disciplín :: Portál Jesseniovej lekárskej fakulty Univerzity Komenského, ©5.2.2011. [cit. 2011-12-23]. <https://portal.jfmed.uniba.sk/clanky.php?aid=141>.

A transfusion is the giving of blood obtained from one person (donor) to another person (recipient).

Administering a transfusion to a patient

Donation prerequisites

  • Age between 18-65 years, age over 60 is not recommended for the first collection (does not apply to autologous collections - blood for autotransfusion, and to the donation of hematopoietic cells for transplantation between blood relatives);

  • weight over 50 kg;

  • appropriate contact with the donor, consent of the donor.

Exclusion from donation

Permanent exclusions include

Temporary exclusions from donation

  • allergies (pollen allergies, hay fever or asthma in the stage of disease manifestations),

  • infectious diseases (TT above 38 degrees C – exclusion for 2 weeks after discontinuation of ATB and resolution of symptoms),

  • infectious mononucleosis - 1 year after complete recovery,

  • viral hepatitis A – 1 year after complete recovery,

  • persons after acupuncture, tattooing and piercing (6 months to 1 year),

  • pulmonary TB (exclusion for 2 years after recovery),

  • vaccination with live vaccines (TB, rubella ,...) 4 weeks after the application of vaccination,

  • vaccination – passive immunization ( influenza , tick-borne encephalitis , tetanus ,...) 48 hours after application, if there are no complications,

  • surgery (small surgical procedures – e.g. after tooth extraction), 1 week,

  • major operations – 6 months,

  • pregnancy – 9 months after childbirth and 1 month after the end of lactation,

  • persons after transfusion – 1 year.

Blood groups

  • Blood groups are organic substances found on the surface of cells, some even in blood serum;

Occurrence of blood groups in the Czech lands

  • The most common is group A (approx. 43%),

  • further 0 (approx. 42%),

  • followed by group B (approx. 11%),

  • the lowest incidence is group AB (approx. 4%).

Autotransfusion

  • It is a safe, relatively risk-free method of blood transfusion;

  • it is performed in patients with planned extensive operations (the condition is that the patient is otherwise in a reasonable state of health);

  • blood is taken from the patient in the pre-operative period (the amount of blood taken depends on the blood count and the patient's clinical condition);

  • blood is preserved and prepared for retransfusion during surgery or in the first postoperative days;

Advantages: exclusion of allergic, hemolytic and infectious complications.

References

  • KOLEKTIV AUTORŮ,. Základy ošetřování nemocných. 1. edition. Praha : Karolinum, 2005. 145 pp. ISBN 80-246-0845-6.
  • MIKŠOVÁ, Z, et al. Kapitoly z ošetřovatelské péče I.. 2. edition. Praha : Grada, 2006. 248 pp. ISBN 80-247-1442-6.
  • MIKŠOVÁ, Z, et al. Kapitoly z ošetřovatelské péče II.. 2. edition. Praha : Grada, 2006. 171 pp. ISBN 80-247-1443-4.
  • RICHARDS, A – EDWARDS, S. Repetitorium pro zdravotní sestry. 1. edition. Praha : Grada, 2004. 376 pp. ISBN 80-247-0932-5.
  • ROZSYPALOVÁ, M – ŠAFRÁNKOVÁ, A. Ošetřovatelství I., II.. 1. edition. Informatorium, 2002. 239 pp. ISBN 80-86073-97-1.
  • WORKMAN, B – BENNETT, C., L.. Klíčové dovednosti sester. 1. edition. Praha : Grada, 2006. 259 pp. ISBN 80-247-1714-X.
  • OSACKÁ, Petronela. Infúzioterapia a transfúzioterapia [online]. Multimediálna podpora výučby klinických a zdravotníckych disciplín :: Portál Jesseniovej lekárskej fakulty Univerzity Komenského, ©5.2.2011. [cit. 2011-12-23]. <https://portal.jfmed.uniba.sk/clanky.php?aid=141>.