Premenstrual syndrome

Regular presence of somatic and psychological problems in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. They are of different nature and intensity. It occurs by a high number of women. It most often appears 7 days before menses and disappears with its onset.

Symptoms

Psychological symptoms include nervousness, emotional lability, anxiety, depression, increased aggression, headaches, migraines, etc. Mastodynia, a feeling of tension in the breasts, nipple hyperalgesia, flatulence, diarrhea, vomiting, lower abdominal pain, pressure in the pelvis, etc. also appear. Less often tachycardia and dysuria.

 For more information see Premenstrual tension.

Hormonal anticonception

The cause is probably an imbalance of the endocrine and neurotransmitter systems, which are linked to psychological factors. A special type is premenstrual dysphoric disorder, in which the symptoms of PMS are so accelerated that they make social adaptation of the patient impossible (affective lability, anxiety, tension, dysphoria, etc.)..

Diagnosis and therapy

In order to establish a diagnosis, the presence of one somatic and one psychological symptom in three consecutive cycles is necessary. Treatment is symptomatic. Lifestyle modification and psychiatric care are the basis. Of the drug, we indicate hormonal contraception with a low estrogen content in combination with drospirenone (gestagen with antimineralocorticoid activity), which reduces the formation of edema. In the treatment of pain, we indicate non-steroidal antiphlogistics. Sometimes we give supplementation of vitamins (B6, E and minerals (magnesium, calcium).

Links

Related articles

• Mestruation
• Dysmenorrhoea
• Premestrual tension
• Cyclic bleeding disorders

Použitá literatura

• ROB, Lukáš – MARTAN, Alois – VENTRUBA, Pavel, et al. Gynekologie. 3. edition. Praha : Grada, 2019. 356 pp. ISBN 978-80-7492-426-2.

• BENEŠ, Jiří. Studijní materiály [online]. [cit. 2009]. <http://jirben.wz.cz>.

• HÁJEK, Zdeněk – ČECH, Evžen – MARŠÁL, Karel, et al. Porodnictví. 3. edition. Praha. 2014. 538 pp. ISBN 978-80-247-4529-9.