Rhabdomyosarcoma
From WikiLectures
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor arising from the striated muscle.
Etiology and epidemiology[edit | edit source]
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common malignant mesechymal tumor in children (but it is rare compared to other childhood malignancies).
Pathology[edit | edit source]
Histologically, there are 4 basic subunits:
- embryonic - includes sarcoma bothyroides;
- alveolar;
- pleomorphic;
- mixed.
Location[edit | edit source]
- head and neck are most often affected - 35%;
- torso and limbs - 35%;
- genitourinary area - 30%.
Metastasis[edit | edit source]
Tumors have a marked tendency to develop local recurrences. They metastasize early, both hematogenously and lymphogenically. Any authority can be affected.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
- Rtg,
- CT,
- MRI,
- US,
- scintigraphy skeleton.
Therapy[edit | edit source]
The combination of effective cytostatics has made it possible to dispense with radical, often mutilating surgical procedures.
- chemotherapy - initial neoadjuvant treatment after biopsy;
- surgery - after the tumor has shrunk, a definitive surgical procedure follows;
- radiotherapy - the residue of the tumor and the affected lymph nodes must be treated with radiotherapy.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
It depends on the stage of the disease.
- Localized forms - healing is possible up to 100%.
- Metastatic spread - 40%.
Overall survival is reported to be 70%.
