Thick skin (histological preparation)

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Thick-type skin, stained with H&E

Thick-type skin - detail, stained with H&E

Layers

Epidermis

The Epidermis (skin) consists of a stratified squamous'' epithelium with a keratinization. It regularly runs into the dermis layer and thus creates "epidermal ridges". On the cross-section, we distinguish five layers (layer = stratum):

• str. basale: cubic to cylindrical basophilic elements in a single layer that sit on the lamina basalis. The only intercellular junctions are desmosomes'
• pp. spinosum: cubic polygonal elements with cytoplasmic protrusions. We find tonofibrils in them,
• str. granulosum: basophilic layer with keratohyaline granules (stains intensely dark purple),
• pp. lucidum: a thin translucent layer, the cells no longer have nuclei or organelles, they are filled mainly with keratin filaments,
• pp. corneum: anucleate cornified elements.

Pg. basale and str. spinosum are referred to by the common name 'str. germinativum (germ layer).

Dermis

The dermis (Slovak suede, Czech skára) develops from mesenchyme and consists of connective tissue that strengthens the epidermis. In some places, it runs into the epidermis and thus creates "dermal papillae". It consists of two layers:

• pp. reticulare: dense tissue,
• pp. papillare: thin ligament.

Hypodermis

The hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue) consists of thin tissue, adipocytes, sweat glands (eccrine – simple coiled tubular glands opening onto the surface of the skin, basally surrounded by myoepithelial cells).

Links

Related Articles

• Physiological activity of the skin
• Histopathological changes in the skin

References

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  Incomplete publication citation. MUDR. EIS, Wenceslas, Stephen MUDR. JELINEK and Martin MUDR. STARLING2006. Also available from <http://histologie.lf3.cuni.cz/histologie/atlas/index.htm>. 

|collection =

  Incomplete citation of contribution in proceedings. MUDR. EIS, Wenceslas, Stephen MUDR. JELINEK and Martin MUDR. STARLING. 2006. Also available from <http://histologie.lf3.cuni.cz/histologie/atlas/index.htm>. {{
  #if:  |978-80-7262-438-6} }
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  Incomplete article citation.  MUDR. EIS, Wenceslas, Stephen MUDR. JELINEK and Martin MUDR. STARLING. Histopathological atlas. 2006, year 2006, also available from <http://histologie.lf3.cuni.cz/histologie/atlas/index.htm>. 

|web =

  MUDR. EIS, Wenceslas, Stephen MUDR. JELINEK and Martin MUDR. STARLING. Histopathological atlas [online]. ©2006. [cit. 2010-04-15]. <http://histologie.lf3.cuni.cz/histologie/atlas/index.htm>.

|cd =

  MUDR. EIS, Wenceslas, Stephen MUDR. JELINEK and Martin MUDR. STARLING. Histopathological atlas [CD/DVD]. ©2006. [cit. 2010-04-15]. 

|db =

  Incomplete database citation. Histopathological atlas [database]. ©2006. [cit. 2010-04-15]. <http://histologie.lf3.cuni.cz/histologie/atlas/index.htm>.

|corporate_literature =

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  Incomplete citation of legislative document.  2006. Also available from URL <http://histologie.lf3.cuni.cz/histologie/atlas/index.htm>.

• {{#switch: book

|book =

  Incomplete publication citation. JUNQUIERA, L. Carlos and Jose CARNEIRO. Basics of histology. Jinocany : H & H 1997, 1997. 502 s. 978-80-7262-438-6.

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  Incomplete citation of contribution in proceedings. JUNQUIERA, L. Carlos and Jose CARNEIRO. Basics of histology. Jinocany : H & H 1997, 1997. 502 s. {{
  #if: 80-85787-37-7 |978-80-7262-438-6} }
  |article = 
  Incomplete article citation.  JUNQUIERA, L. Carlos and Jose CARNEIRO. 1997, year 1997, 

|web =

  Incomplete site citation. JUNQUIERA, L. Carlos and Jose CARNEIRO. H & H 1997, ©1997. 

|cd =

  Incomplete carrier citation. JUNQUIERA, L. Carlos and Jose CARNEIRO. H & H 1997, ©1997. 

|db =

  Incomplete database citation. H & H 1997, ©1997. 

|corporate_literature =

  JUNQUIERA, L. Carlos and Jose CARNEIRO. Basics of histology. Jinocany : H & H 1997, 1997. 502 s. 978-80-7262-438-6} }